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The production of needlepoint rugs, originally known as "arraiolos", began in Portugal centuries ago. Each piece is hand-stitched on a cotton canvas, using a sewing needle and finely spun wool. Most of the yarn remains on the top of the canvas while only a series of small vertical stitches appear on the back. The designs are traditionally of a botanical or architectural motif, although innovative collections in more contemporary designs are available.
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